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ACLU - перевод на Английский
![[[Crystal Eastman]] was one of the co-founders of the CLB, the predecessor to the ACLU.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/CrystalEastman.jpeg?width=200 "[[Crystal Eastman]] was one of the co-founders of the CLB, the predecessor to the ACLU.")
![The ACLU chose not to support [[Eugene Dennis]] or other leaders of the US Communist Party, and they were all imprisoned, along with their attorneys.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DennisEugene.jpg?width=200 "The ACLU chose not to support [[Eugene Dennis]] or other leaders of the US Communist Party, and they were all imprisoned, along with their attorneys.")
![[[Elizabeth Gurley Flynn]] was voted off the ACLU board in 1940 because of her Communist Party membership but reinstated posthumously in 1970.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Elizabeth Gurley Flynn point.jpg?width=200 "[[Elizabeth Gurley Flynn]] was voted off the ACLU board in 1940 because of her Communist Party membership but reinstated posthumously in 1970.")
![The ACLU defended [[H. L. Mencken]] when he was arrested for distributing banned literature.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/H l mencken.jpg?width=200 "The ACLU defended [[H. L. Mencken]] when he was arrested for distributing banned literature.")
![Supreme Court justice [[Hugo Black]] often endorsed the ACLU's position on the separation of church and state.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/HugoLaFayetteBlack.jpg?width=200 "Supreme Court justice [[Hugo Black]] often endorsed the ACLU's position on the separation of church and state.")
![A California affiliate of the ACLU sued to remove the [[Mount Soledad Cross]] from public lands in San Diego.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mount Soledad Cross WF.jpg?width=200 "A California affiliate of the ACLU sued to remove the [[Mount Soledad Cross]] from public lands in San Diego.")
![a 2004 lawsuit]] which challenged the government's right to gather information about Internet access secretly.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nicholas Merrill 27C3.jpg?width=200 "a 2004 lawsuit]] which challenged the government's right to gather information about Internet access secretly.")
.jpg?width=200 "Abdi Soltani, executive director of Northern California ACLU, speaks at a San Francisco protest of the U.S. immigration ban.")
![[[Norman Thomas]] was one of the early leaders of the ACLU.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Norman Thomas 1937.jpg?width=200 "[[Norman Thomas]] was one of the early leaders of the ACLU.")
![The ACLU defended [[Oliver North]] in 1990, arguing that his conviction was tainted by coerced testimony.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Oliver North mug shot.jpg?width=200 "The ACLU defended [[Oliver North]] in 1990, arguing that his conviction was tainted by coerced testimony.")
![In the 1950s, the ACLU chose not to support [[Paul Robeson]] and other leftist defendants, a decision that would be heavily criticized in the future.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paul Robeson 1942 crop.jpg?width=200 "In the 1950s, the ACLU chose not to support [[Paul Robeson]] and other leftist defendants, a decision that would be heavily criticized in the future.")
![The ACLU was internally divided when it came to defending the rights of Japanese Americans who had been forcibly relocated to [[internment camps]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Photograph of Members of the Mochida Family Awaiting Evacuation - NARA - 537505 - Restoration.jpg?width=200 "The ACLU was internally divided when it came to defending the rights of Japanese Americans who had been forcibly relocated to [[internment camps]]")
![The ACLU was the first national organization to call for the impeachment of [[Richard Nixon]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Richard M. Nixon, ca. 1935 - 1982 - NARA - 530679.jpg?width=200 "The ACLU was the first national organization to call for the impeachment of [[Richard Nixon]].")
![The ACLU submitted arguments supporting [[Rush Limbaugh]]'s right to privacy during the criminal investigation of his alleged drug use.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rush Limbaugh.jpg?width=200 "The ACLU submitted arguments supporting [[Rush Limbaugh]]'s right to privacy during the criminal investigation of his alleged drug use.")
![[[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]] co-founded the ACLU's Women's Rights Project in 1971.<ref>Pullman, Sandra (March 7, 2006). [https://www.aclu.org/womens-rights/tribute-legacy-ruth-bader-ginsburg-and-wrp-staff "Tribute: The Legacy of Ruth Bader Ginsburg and WRP Staff"]. ''ACLU.org''. Accessed November 18, 2010.</ref> She was later appointed to the [[Supreme Court of the United States]] by President [[Bill Clinton]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ruth Bader Ginsburg official SCOTUS portrait.jpg?width=200 "[[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]] co-founded the ACLU's Women's Rights Project in 1971.<ref>Pullman, Sandra (March 7, 2006). [https://www.aclu.org/womens-rights/tribute-legacy-ruth-bader-ginsburg-and-wrp-staff \"Tribute: The Legacy of Ruth Bader Ginsburg and WRP Staff\"]. ''ACLU.org''. Accessed November 18, 2010.</ref> She was later appointed to the [[Supreme Court of the United States]] by President [[Bill Clinton]].")
Википедия
The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is an American nonprofit organization founded in 1920 "to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in this country by the Constitution and laws of the United States". The ACLU works through litigation and lobbying and has over 1,800,000 members as of July 2018, with an annual budget of over $300 million. Affiliates of the ACLU are active in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. The ACLU provides legal assistance in cases where it considers civil liberties at risk. Legal support from the ACLU can take the form of direct legal representation or preparation of amicus curiae briefs expressing legal arguments when another law firm is already providing representation.
In addition to representing persons and organizations in lawsuits, the ACLU lobbies for policy positions established by its board of directors. Current positions of the ACLU include opposing the death penalty; supporting same-sex marriage and the right of LGBT people to adopt; supporting reproductive rights such as birth control and abortion rights; eliminating discrimination against women, minorities, and LGBT people; decarceration in the United States; supporting the rights of prisoners and opposing torture; and upholding the separation of church and state by opposing government preference for religion over non-religion or for particular faiths over others. Several accusations have been raised of a loss in impartiality in the organization's free speech advocacy.
Legally, the ACLU consists of two separate but closely affiliated nonprofit organizations, namely the American Civil Liberties Union, a 501(c)(4) social welfare group; and the ACLU Foundation, a 501(c)(3) public charity. Both organizations engage in civil rights litigation, advocacy, and education, but only donations to the 501(c)(3) foundation are tax deductible, and only the 501(c)(4) group can engage in unlimited political lobbying. The two organizations share office space and employees.
